Quitting Smoking |
|
Time elapsed |
Benefit |
20 minutes |
blood pressure drops to normal, pulse rate drops to normal, temperature of hands and feet increase to normal. |
8 hours |
carbon monoxide level in blood returns to normal, oxygen level in blood returns to normal. |
24 hours |
the immediate risk of heart attack starts to fall. |
48 hours |
nerve endings start to regrow, ability to taste and smell enhanced. |
14 days |
circulation improves, walking becomes easier, lung function increases up to 30%. |
1 month |
most nicotine withdrawal symptoms disappear. |
3 months |
lung function improves nagging cough disappears cilia regrow in the lungs (handle mucus), clean themselves and reduce infection. |
9 months |
risk of pregnancy complications and foetal death reduced to level of non-smoker. |
1 year |
excess risk of coronary disease half / smoker. No safe point beyond which relapse will not occur. Continues at a slower rate / 1 year abstinence. |
5 years |
risk of lung cancer decreases by half stroke risk same as non-smokerrisk of mouth, throat and oesophageal cancer half that of a smoker. |
10 years |
lung cancer death rate same as non-smoker pre-cancerous cells replaced. |
15 years |
risk of coronary heart disease same as a non-smoker if you smoked xx day, you’ve saved xxx (assuming x per pack of 20 |
Pharmacotherapy of nicotine replacement therapies |
|||||
Type |
Dose and Duration |
Side Effects |
not if |
||
|
< 10 cigs per day |
10-20 cigs per day |
More than 20 cigs per day |
||
Patches |
None |
Nicobate® 14 mg |
Nicobate® 21 mg |
Transient skin irritation, itching, dreams, sleep disturbance, indigestion, diarrhoea |
Relative: • Ischaemic heart disease
Absolute: • Recent MI • Serious arrhythmias • Unstable angina • Pregnancy |
Gum
|
None |
Nicorette® 10 mg 2 mg, 8–12 per day |
Nicorette® 15 mg 4 mg, 8–12 per day |
Jaw discomfort, nausea, indigestion, hiccups, excess saliva, sore throat |
|
Inhaler |
None |
Nicorette® 6–12 cartridges per day |
Not recom- mended |
Mouth and throat irritation, cough, nausea and indigestion |
|
Bupoprion (Zyban) |
||||||
Type |
Dose and Duration |
Side Effects |
not indicated if |
|||
|
< 10 cigs per day |
10-20 cigs per day |
More than 20 cigs per day |
|||
Bupropion
|
150 mg for 3 days, then 150 mg b.d. for 7 weeks |
Headaches, dry mouth, impaired, sleep, seizu-res, nausea, constipation, anxiety, dizziness |
seizure disorders or significant risk of seizure, bulimia, anorexia nervosa, bipolar disorders |
|||
Rates of success of tobacco detoxification |
||||
willing to stop succefull lone ones (France) |
with physicien simple counselling (France) |
with medium long term support (France) |
relapse after prolonged cessation (France) |
partners quitting smoking because pregnancy (England) |
10% |
12% |
25% - 30% |
50% |
5% |
