Telecomunications Characteristics |
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Telcommunications frequencies |
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MHz |
use |
max dist. kms |
standard code |
specification |
length nm |
fiber type |
modal band width MHz-km |
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0.535-1.7 |
AM radio |
10 |
802.3z |
1000BaseLH |
1300 |
9/10 monomodo |
n/d |
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1.7-30 |
short waves |
3 |
802.3z |
1000BaseLH |
1300 |
5 mm mono |
n/d |
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43-49 |
wifi |
0.55 |
802.3z |
1000BaseLH |
1300 |
62.5-125 mm multi |
500 |
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54-72 |
channels TV |
5 |
802.3z |
1000BaseLH |
1300 |
9 mm mono |
500 |
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88-108 |
FM radio |
0.22 |
802.3z |
1000BaseLH |
850 |
62.5-125 mm multi |
160 |
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150.8-174 |
police - meteorology |
0.28 |
802.3z |
1000BaseLH |
850 |
62.5-125 mm multi |
200 |
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225-400 |
space military |
0.5 |
802.3z |
1000BaseLH |
850 |
50/125 mm multi |
400 |
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824-894 |
celular phone towers |
0.55 |
802.3z |
1000BaseLH |
850 |
50/125 mm multi |
500 |
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894-896 |
plane communications |
0.1 |
802.3ab |
1000BaseLH |
n/d |
UTP Cat5 |
n/d |
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928-932 |
message |
0.03 |
802.3ab |
1000BaseLH |
n/d |
copper equilibrado |
n/d |
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1400-1427 |
radioastronomy |
0.4 |
802.3u |
1000BaseLH |
850 |
62.5-125 mm multi |
400 |
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n° of hannels and hierarchy of wide range band |
Telecommunications needs |
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|
systems |
channel capacity |
band width |
frequency |
|
Developed countries |
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|
primary group |
12 |
|
60-108= 48Hz |
|
urban |
high speed data |
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|
secondary group |
60 |
|
312-552= 240Hz |
|
suburban |
value added service |
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|
terciary group |
300 |
|
812-2044= 1232Hz |
|
limited mobility |
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|
fourth group |
900 |
|
8516-12388=3872Hz |
|
high density |
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|
6 MHz system |
1260 |
|
0.06-6 MHz |
|
rural |
high speed data |
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|
12 MHz system |
2700 |
|
0.3-12 MHz |
|
value added service |
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twist. |
60 MHz system |
10800 |
rad. |
4-60 MHz |
|
limited mobility |
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pair |
coaxial cable |
transmission speed |
waves |
satellite |
optic fiber |
low density |
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100 Mbps |
500 |
bit/sec |
275 |
90 |
2 Gbps |
large cover |
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Distances gigabit Ethernet 802.3z and 802.3ab |
Devloping countries |
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Telecommunication Access Options according Cuntry Equipment |
urban |
phone |
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Electric classification |
Concept |
operator |
wire dominate |
appropriated technique |
|
suburban |
modem transfered data |
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Generation |
common regime |
national telephone |
± lines |
XDSL or copper |
satel. Ground. CATV |
ilimited mobility |
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|
special regime |
developed country |
|
PON fibers |
|
high density |
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|
complementary service |
cable |
coaxial cable & |
HFC |
Island ATM,LAN/MAN,red.PON, digi.sat. servi. |
rural |
phone |
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Network |
transport |
|
fiberoptic |
|
digi.Tv,video, FTTX,network.HFC, network XDSL |
modem transfered data |
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|
distribution |
national telephone |
partly lines |
WLL & PON network |
GSM/DECT |
ilimited mobility |
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Transaction |
supply |
developing country |
low penetration |
|
|
low density |
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|
retailor |
new operator |
non |
fiber optic fiber, radio links |
network.ATM,FTTH, access integrated integral |
|
|
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|
complement |
developed country |
|
WLL and rented lines |
networks, interactive television, servi.multimeday |
|
|
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Coordination |
technique / system |
new operator |
non |
WLL, satellite & lines |
UMTS |
|
|
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|
management market |
developing country |
|
rented |
|
|
|
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Transmission Characteristics |
ADSL technology large, more & simple |
|
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Band |
distance (kms) |
capacity |
investment evel |
|
narrow band |
large band |
|
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2GHz |
100km |
2 - 4 Mbps |
low |
Band width |
10 - 100 kbps |
100 - 2000 kbps |
|
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6 GHz |
80km |
34 - 2x34 Mbps |
high |
|
low speed voice and data |
more speed |
|
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11 GHz |
40km |
4x2 - 8x2Mbps |
medium |
|
large cover |
data & image large cover |
|
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15GHz |
30km |
4x2 - 8x2Mbps |
medium |
Communications flows |
|
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23GHz |
15km |
8x2 - 16x2Mbps |
medium |
home USA 1999 |
home average |
max |
|
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38GHZ |
5km |
8x2 -16x2 MbpsSTM-1 |
medium |
comm./week (m/r) |
|
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Communications |
|
|
phone |
54 |
102 |
|
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basic network |
0.2 |
|
|
35 |
50 |
|
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mobile phone |
0.2 |
|
|
16 |
50 |
|
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Private network |
0.1 |
|
|
vocal box |
4 |
12 |
|
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value added |
0.05 |
|
|
cellular (wireless) |
3 |
8 |
|
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radio & TV |
0.3 |
|
|
Registered messaje |
2 |
7 |
|
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other |
0.15 |
|
|
fax |
1 |
2 |
|
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Visibility (optical links) |
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|
Atmos. Cond. |
precipitation |
mm/hr |
visibility |
range |
|
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|
Dense fog |
|
|
50 m |
140m |
|
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|
Light fog |
100 |
heavy rain |
0.77 km |
1.38km |
|
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|
haze |
12.5 |
medium rain |
2.8 km |
3.5km |
|
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|
bright |
0.25 |
small rain |
18.1 km |
8km |
|
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Radiocom mobile |
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terrestre |
PLMN pub.syst. |
others |
wireless CT |
radiomessage.(public) |
|
|
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tune.,vot.,isofree |
anal.,simulcard |
TFTS |
wireless phone ... |
anal.:simul.cast |
|
|
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digi.anal.,MPT1327 |
IG: NMT,TACS,AMPS |
|
anal.:CT1,CT2 |
alfanum:POCSAG |
|
future all |
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digi.,TETRA |
2G:GSM,D-AMPS |
IEEE802.11x |
digi:DECT |
digi.ERMES,FLEX |
|
FPLMNT, |
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|
IS54 ... DCS1800 |
HIPLANx |
|
|
IMT2000 (UMTS..) |
|
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Distribution of Major ICTs by income group of economies 2005 |
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|
population |
mobile phones |
fixed lines |
internet users |
fixed braodband |
total GDP |
||||||||||
high income |
0.157 |
0.387 |
0.427 |
0.557 |
0.74 |
0.789 |
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uppermiddle |
0.09 |
0.178 |
0.105 |
0.118 |
0.052 |
0.067 |
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lower-middle |
0.383 |
0.352 |
0.401 |
0.223 |
0.20 |
0.1019 |
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low income |
0.37 |
0.084 |
0.067 |
0.102 |
0.007 |
0.032 |
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