Data Requirements for Water Quality Models |
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Water needs (liters) |
saving |
standard |
Data |
requirements Comment |
Airport (per passenger) |
8 |
15 |
Water flows |
Needed by all water quality models. Average flows needed by simpler models; detailed, dynamic information needed for more complex models |
apartments multiple family (per resident) |
120 |
222 |
||
bath houses (per bather) |
20 |
37 |
Temperatures |
Average temperatures required for simple models; detailed time-series required for complex models |
semipermanent construction cap (per worker) |
100 |
185 |
||
day, with no meal served camp (per camper) |
30 |
56 |
Dissolved oxygen concentrations |
Base-case concentrations required by all models predicting dissolved oxygen impacts of a management alternative |
resorts camps day & night (limited plumber, per camper) |
100 |
185 |
||
tourists with central bath & toilet facilities (per person) |
70 |
130 |
Biochemical oxygen dissolved oxygen (BOD) |
Base-case concentrations and loads required by all models predicting demand mpacts of a management alternative |
seasonal cottage |
100 |
185 |
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tourists court with individual bath (per person) |
100 |
185 |
Ammonia, nitrates, phosphates, nitrate, and other |
Base-case concentrations and loads required by all models predicting ammonia, organic compounds, heavy mpacts of a management alternative. metals |
country clubs (per resident member) |
200 |
370 |
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dwellings boarding houses |
100 |
185 |
||
dwellings boarding houses for non resident boarders |
20 |
37 |
Criteria for Classification of Water Quality Models |
|
dwellings multiple family apartments (per resident) |
80 |
148 |
Criterion |
Comment |
rooming houses (per resident) |
120 |
222 |
Static or dynamic |
Static (constant) or time-varying outputs. |
estates (per resident) |
260 |
481 |
||
factories (per person per shift) |
50 |
93 |
Stochastic or deterministic |
Stochastic models present outputs as probability distributions; deterministic models are point-estimates. |
hotels with private bath (2 persons/room) |
120 |
222 |
||
hotels without private bath (per resident) |
100 |
185 |
Type of receiving water river systems are more complex. |
Small lakes and rivers are usually easier to model. Large lakes, estuaries, and large (river, lake, or estuary) |
non hospital institutions (per person) |
220 |
407 |
|
|
hospitals (per bed) |
600 |
1110 |
Water quality parameters |
|
self services launderies (per washing) |
100 |
185 |
Dissolved oxygen |
Usually decreases as discharge increases. Used as a water quality indicator in most water quality models. |
motels with facilities (per bed space) |
100 |
185 |
||
parks overnight with flush toilets (per camper) |
50 |
93 |
Biochemical oxygen |
A measure of oxygen-reducing potential for waterborne discharges. Used in most demand (BOD) water quality models. |
parks trailers with individual bath units (per campers) |
100 |
185 |
||
picnic area with shower (per camper) |
40 |
74 |
Temperature |
Often increased by discharges, especially from electric power plants. Relatively easy to model. |
picnic area with toilets (per camper) |
20 |
37 |
||
restaurants with toilets facilities (per patron) |
16 |
30 |
Ammonia nitrogen |
Reduces dissolved oxygen concentrations and adds nitrate to water. Can be predicted by most water quality models. |
restaurants with toilets facilities with bars (moreover) |
4 |
7 |
||
school boarding (per pupil) |
160 |
296 |
Algal concentration |
ncreases with pollution, especially nitrates and phosphates. Predicted by moderately complex models. |
school day cafeteria and gymnasium-shower (per pupil) |
50 |
93 |
||
school day cafeteria no gymnasium (per pupil) |
40 |
74 |
Coliform bacteria |
An indicator of contamination from sewage and animal waste |
school day, no gymnasium, no cafeteria (per pupil) |
30 |
56 |
||
service station (per vehicle) |
20 |
37 |
Nitrates models |
A nutrient for algal growth and a health hazard at very high concentrations in drinking water. Predicted by moderately complex |
stores (per toilet room) |
800 |
1480 |
||
swimming pools (per swimmer) |
20 |
37 |
Phosphates |
Nutrient for algal growth. Predicted by moderately complex models. |
theaters drive-in (per case space) |
10 |
19 |
||
theaters movie (per auditorium seat) |
10 |
19 |
Toxic organic compounds model. |
A wide variety of organic (carbon-based) compounds can affect aquatic life and may be directly hazardous to humans. Usually very difficult to |
construction workers (per person shift) |
100 |
185 |
||
day workers (school or offices per person per shift) |
30 |
56 |
Heavy metals Difficult to model in detail. |
Substances containing lead, mercury, cadmium, and other metals can cause both ecological and human health problems. |